1 GWAS Strategy

GWAS was run using MLM model in GCTA1.93.2. The phenotypes were pre-adjusted by age, sex, and 20 PCs



2 Probands

2.1 All Individuals

  • GWAS was run on all individuals including diverse ancestry backgrounds.
  • Signals with association p-value < 1e-5 will be shown for Manhattan Plots.

2.1.1 QQ Plot



2.1.2 Manhattan Plot



2.2 Europeans Only

  • 6861972 QCd SNPs with MAF > 0.01 included
  • 1946 European individuals are included
  • Signals with association p-value < 1e-5 will be shown for Manhattan Plots.

2.2.1 QQ Plot



2.2.2 Manhattan Plot